Sunday 25 December 2016

Zsa Zsa Gabor


Zsa Zsa GaborImage copyright
Zsa Zsa Gabor's greatest role was that of playing herself.
Although she appeared in more than 70 films, it was her many marriages and celebrity lifestyle that defined her.
As she shimmered her way through Hollywood society, she maintained the air of a Hungarian aristocrat.
She spoke seven languages yet, despite living in California for half a century, never lost her distinctive accent.
She was born Sari Gabor in Budapest on 6 February 1917 but was immediately nicknamed Zsa Zsa by her family.
The second daughter of a soldier and his wealthy jewellery heiress wife, she initially wanted to be a veterinary surgeon, but her forceful mother and her own beauty propelled her in different directions.
Her mother was Jewish, although the three daughters were practising Roman Catholics, a sensible decision in a country whose autocratic leader, Miklos Horthy, had enthusiastically allied himself with Adolf Hitler's Germany.
Zsa Zsa Gabor marries George SandersImage copyright
Image captionHer marriage to George Sanders was her third
On a trip to Vienna in 1934, Gabor was spotted by the noted Austrian singer Richard Tauber and given a part in an operetta, her first stage performance.
Her striking looks saw her being crowned Miss Hungary in 1936 but she was disqualified for lying about her age in order to enter.
In 1937 she married a Turkish intellectual, Burhan Asaf Belge, although the union, the first of her nine marriages, ended in 1941.
Her parents had divorced so she and her mother emigrated to the United States to join her sister, Eva. There her European good looks saw her picking up a number of theatre roles.
Her cinema debut came in 1952, in the MGM musical Lovely To Look At, although her supporting role gave her no English lines at all.
By this time she was already on her third marriage, to the actor George Sanders, having divorced husband number two, the hotel magnate Conrad Hilton.
Later that year that she got her big break, starring in John Huston's Moulin Rouge. The director later described her as a "creditable actress".
Zsa Zsa Gabor in a BBC studio in 1952
Image captionShe brought a touch of glamour to BBC TV in 1952
She appeared in 14 more films during the 1950s, few of them memorable.
One that constantly came back to haunt her was Queen of Outer Space, in which she played a scantily clad inhabitant of the planet Venus.
She later described it as "an awful film that just kept turning up".
But her most enduring role was that of professional Hollywood celebrity, Gabor family member and wife of many men.
"You don't have to marry every man you sleep with," her mother once told her. But Gabor said it was because she "never stopped being a Catholic at heart".
She became known as something of a scandalmonger and maneater, who gorged her way through many relationships.
Having divorced George Sanders in 1954, she spent her time away from the film set by building up a reputation as one of Hollywood's best-known celebrities.
Zsa Zsa Gabor in Moulin RougeImage copyright
Image captionMoulin Rouge was her cinematic breakthrough
It was not until 1962 that she married again, this time to Herbert Hutner, an investment banker nine years her senior. The union lasted four years.
Her 1966 marriage to husband number five, Joshua S Cosden Jr, ended after seven months and it would be nine years before she took the plunge again with the designer of the Barbie doll, Jack Ryan.
When this relationship collapsed after 18 months, she immediately married Michael O'Hara. This time she managed to keep it going for seven years.
She was linked to a number of other men, including Sean Connery, Frank Sinatra and Richard Burton.
Her eighth marriage, to Mexican lawyer Felipe de Alba - which took place at sea - was later annulled because Gabor said the boat had not been far enough away from shore to make it legal.
This was fortunate, as she was still technically married to husband number seven at the time.
Her most stormy liaison was with South American playboy Porfirio Rubirosa. When he chose an heiress over Gabor, she appeared on stage in Las Vegas, proudly sporting a patch over the black eye she had apparently suffered at Rubirosa's hands.
Poster for Queen of Outer SpaceImage copyright
Image captionShe described Queen of Outer Space as an awful film
She was an expert at self-parody and self-promotion, attributes she displayed to good effect when, in 1989, she had an argument with a Los Angeles policeman, which ended with Gabor being convicted of assault.
She was sentenced to three days' imprisonment, albeit in a very comfortable penthouse room.
The actress later poked fun at the incident, as references were very often made about it in films she appeared in, such as The Naked Gun 2 1/2: The Smell of Fear and The Beverly Hillbillies.
Towards the end of her life, courtrooms became a frequent haunt. In March 2005 she settled a $2m legal action against the driver of a car involved in a crash that left her in a wheelchair.
And three months after that, together with her last husband, Frederic von Anhalt, she sued her only daughter Francesca Hilton, amid claims she had defrauded her mother of $2m to buy a new house.
However, she was now in her eighties and her health was beginning to suffer.
She was admitted to hospital a number of times after developing a swelling in her legs and blood clots throughout her body, for which she underwent surgery. Eventually her right leg had to be amputated.
Zsa Zsa Gabor & Frederic von AnhaltImage copyright
Image captionHer ninth and last marriage was her most enduring
Despite her reputation for a vulgar love of jewels and men, almost all Gabor's former spouses remained devoted to her.
In his memoirs, George Sanders said his former wife was misunderstood because she was "guileless" and described her character as "pure".
He added: "She doesn't disguise her love of amorous entanglements or jewels or whatever else catches her fancy."
Gabor herself once said: "American women are gold-diggers They're taught only how to get money out of a man.
"European women want a man they can love, cook for and be a good wife to."
But, in one of her many reflections on love, marriage and divorce, this well-qualified practitioner declared: "I never hated a man enough to give his diamonds back."

John Glenn


John GlennImage copyright
As the first American to orbit the Earth, John Glenn became a national hero.
His achievement restored some pride to the US after first Yuri Gagarin and then Gherman Titov had successfully put Russia ahead in the space race.
Like all of the original astronauts, Glenn had seen service as a military flyer before joining the space programme.
And at the age of 77, after a career in politics he did it all over again, becoming the oldest person ever to travel into orbit.

Flunked engineering

John Herschel Glenn Jr was born in Cambridge, Ohio, in July 1921, the only son of a master plumber and a schoolteacher.
He went to the local high school, which now bears his name, and then to college where he studied engineering.
John Glenn in the US Marine CorpsImage copyright
Image captionHe saw action in World War Two and Korea
He failed to complete the course which would have led to a Bachelor of Science degree although his college awarded him one after his earth orbit.
He learned to fly just before America entered the war in 1941, and was commissioned in the Marine Corps in 1943.
He was a pilot in a Marine fighter squadron in the Pacific and again during the Korean War, when he gained a reputation for being able to attract enemy anti-aircraft fire.
After one mission he returned to base with more than 200 holes in the fuselage of his F9F Panther fighter.
He was posted to the US Test Pilot School in Maryland and in 1957 became the first pilot to complete a supersonic flight across the continental US.
Two years later he became one of six pilots selected for the fledgling US space programme following a gruelling series of physical and mental tests.
Glenn almost failed to make the final selection. He did not meet the required academic qualifications and was close to 40, the age that would have barred him from being considered.

Malfunction

On 20 February 1962, Glenn boarded the Mercury spacecraft Friendship 7 for a space journey that would last more than four hours and see him complete three orbits of the Earth.
There was concern over his safe return after instruments indicated a malfunction on the capsule but he splashed down safely in the Atlantic just 40 miles from the target area.
Image copyrightNASA
Image captionFriendship 7 carried him three times around the earth
His first words when he was lifted aboard a US destroyer were: "It's hot in there."
Glenn received a rapturous welcome which included a ticker-tape parade in New York and a personal award from President John F Kennedy.
However, this popularity proved to be a double-edged sword.
He wasn't permitted to return to space the following year, allegedly on Kennedy's orders, so Glenn turned his attentions to a career in politics in his home state of Ohio.

Loner

But he was to find that being an astronaut could be a disadvantage; people didn't seem to see him as a serious politician.
His first attempt to run for office in the Democratic primaries in 1964 failed after he was forced to give up campaigning following a fall.
But he was successful 10 years later when he won the primary and defeated the Republican incumbent to become senator for Ohio.
Image copyrightJohn Glenn campaigning for the Presidential nomination in 1984
Image captionHe failed in his attempt to secure the 1984 Democratic presidential nomination
As a politician, John Glenn had integrity and an independent mind.
But he was a dull speaker and a poor organiser. He found it hard to delegate, and was something of a loner.
His attempt to win the Democratic nomination for vice-president failed in 1976 after a lacklustre speech at the party's convention.
And he lost out to Walter Mondale in his attempt to secure the Democratic nomination for president in 1984, a campaign that saw him run up debts of $3m.
He'd also had to fight off the negative image of himself as portrayed in the 1983 film, The Right Stuff, which was an account of the astronaut training programme.

Space comeback

Based on the book by Tom Wolfe, the film portrayed Glenn as an argumentative character and a poor team player
His campaign debts were one reason why Michael Dukakis decided not to have him as a running mate in 1988 - that and the fact that he, like Dukakis himself, lacked charisma.
In October 1998 Glenn, who had stood down from politics, was back in space at the age of 77 as part of the crew of the space shuttle Discovery.
John Glenn preparing to board the space shuttle, Discovery in 1998Image copyright
Image captionThree decades after his pioneering flight he went back into space
During his 218 hours above the Earth, he undertook experiments to examine the effect of space travel on his ageing body and allow comparisons with the data collected on his first flight, 36 years before.
But some commentators questioned the scientific value of this flight, which they felt was a political favour granted by President Clinton.
Once more he returned to a ticker-tape parade and a hero's welcome from a new generation of fans.
John Glenn, the astronaut, never lost his popularity.
He remained the man who had put credibility back into America's space programme and helped pave the way for the 1969 Moon landings.

Rick Parfitt



Rick Parfitt

With his flowing blond locks, denim gear and Fender Telecaster, Rick Parfitt was one of rock's most recognisable guitarists.
His partnership with Francis Rossi became the core of Status Quo, one of Britain's most enduring bands.
Their brand of boogie-woogie rock survived changes in musical fashion and made them one of the best-loved live acts of their generation.
As well as driving the Quo sound on stage, Parfitt penned many of the band's biggest hits.
Richard John Parfitt was born in Woking, Surrey, on 12 October 1948.
He began playing a guitar when he was 11 and, on leaving school at 15, got a job performing at Sunshine Holiday Camp in Hayling Island, Hampshire, earning £5 a week.

Rick Parfitt and Status Quo in 1968Image copyright
Image captionThe band's early incarnation embraced the psychedelic movement

However, much of his new income went to his father, who was a committed drinker and gambler.
"He was forever getting in trouble and coming to me crying," Parfitt later recalled. "I probably ended up giving him a couple of thousand quid in total. Back then, that was a lot of money."
Parfitt met Francis Rossi in 1965 when they were both playing with their respective bands at a Butlin's holiday camp in Minehead.

Disillusioned

Two years later Parfitt, along with Rossi, Alan Lancaster, John Coghlan and Roy Lynes came together to form Status Quo.
The band's first hit, Pictures of Matchstick Men, released in 1968, embraced the psychedelic movement of the time and went to number seven in the UK charts.
Their follow-up, Black Veils of Melancholy, failed to chart but they did get to number eight with Ice in the Sun, written by Marty Wilde.

Status QuoImage copyright
Image captionRick Parfitt and Francis Rossi remained the core of Status Quo

But the band were becoming disillusioned with the direction they were taking. They abandoned their flowery clothes, embraced denim and T-shirts and settled down to a more traditional style of rock.
Parfitt co-wrote two of the tracks on their breakthrough album, Piledriver, released on the Vertigo label in 1972.
In an interview in 2014, Parfitt said of the record. "You know what? I love every track on that album! I think All The Reasons is just such a beautiful song. I wrote that about my wife at the time."

Live Aid

The album became the template for subsequent releases, with Parfitt receiving a number of writing credits.
Whatever You Want, co-written by Parfitt and Andy Bown, became one of the band's biggest hits and a staple of their increasingly popular live shows.
Outside the Quo tent the musical landscape was changing, from prog to punk, and into the '80s with the New Romantics.

Rick Parfitt (left) and Status Quo in 1984Image copyright
Image captionParfitt (left) and the Quo ignored the changes in musical and sartorial fashion

Inside the tent, the band continued to play their 12-bar blues style maintaining an ever loyal fan base.
The band set off on a farewell tour in 1984 but decided to carry on after Bob Geldof persuaded them to open the Live Aid concert the following year.
"God, I'm so pleased we did it now. Quo opening Live Aid, it was meant to be."

'Selfish child'

They also embraced the hedonistic rock lifestyle with gusto. Parfitt admitted spending £1,000 a week on cocaine and another £500 on vodka.
His addictions, coupled with the tragic drowning of their two-year-old daughter, Heidi, led to the breakdown of his first marriage to Marietta Broker.
"It's not buying the drugs that is the most expensive thing," he later said. "It's the divorce which taking drugs eventually leads to."
He later married Patty Beedon, who had been his childhood sweetheart. The couple divorced and reunited again, before finally going their separate ways.

Rick Parfitt and his third wife LindsayImage copyright
Image captionParfitt finally settled down with his third wife Lindsay

It was an acrimonious separation, with Patty later describing him as "a selfish child who never grew up".
Parfitt's experience of paying millions in divorce settlements made him vow never to marry again, but he tied the knot again in 2006 with Lyndsay Whitburn, a fitness instructor.

Relaxed life

In 2010, Parfitt and Rossi were awarded the OBE for services to music, posing together with their gongs after the investiture ceremony.
By this time Parfitt had suffered a number of health problems including undergoing quadruple heart bypass surgery in 1997. He made a full recovery and was performing with the band within a matter of months.
Doctors warned the musician that he would have to leave behind his rock lifestyle, although he admitted at the time that he still enjoyed "the odd pint".
By 2014 he was living a relaxed life in Spain.
"I haven't smoked a joint for 27 years and I haven't done any cocaine for 10 years. I just do normal stuff - the kids keep me busy and I go shopping with the missus."
Other band members came and went over the years but Parfitt remained, with Rossi, the definitive face of Status Quo.

Rick Parfitt and Francis RossiImage copyright
Image captionStatus Quo stalwarts: Parfitt and Rossi together at a film premiere in London in 2013

While Rossi officially remained the band's frontman, the musical partners were hard to separate on stage.
In contrast to the rows that are part of many rock bands, the two remained good friends throughout the decades.
When Status Quo had embarked on what they hinted would be their final tour, Parfitt offered an explanation for the longevity of veteran rock bands.
"Why do you think all these bands like the Stones and Deep Purple stay on the road? We're having fun and I love being up there on stage. Once the lights go down and the crowds roar, something magical happens. All your aches and pains go."
He added: "It would be weird to just stop because I would have nothing to do."